Metamask: Connecting to MetaMask using Web3.js: Web3.givenProvider vs window.ethereum

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Connecting to MetaMask with Web3.js: A Step-by-Step Guide

When working with decentralized applications (dApps) built on Ethereum, it is essential to establish a secure connection to your wallet provider, in this case MetaMask. In this article, we will look at how to programmatically connect to MetaMask using the Web3.js library.

Getting Started

Before diving into the code, make sure that:

• you have installed web3 and its dependencies (e.g. ethers.js, json-rpc-provider)

• you have configured your Ethereum wallet provider (MetaMask) in a supported browser

• you have configured the Web3.js library

Step 1: Importing Dependencies

Into your code file, import the necessary dependencies:

const Web3 = require('web3');
const ethers = require('ethers.js');

Step 2: Configuring the Web3.js Provider

Create a new Web3 instance using the provider configured for MetaMask. You can use one of the following providers:

• Local Ethereum node (using window.ethereum)

• MetaMask browser extension (using web3.givenProvider)

• JSON-RPC provider (e.g.

Here is an example usingwindow.ethereum:

const web3 = new Web3(window.ethereum);

Create a new MetaMask Provider instance using web3.givenProvider. This will connect to your wallet:

const givenProvider = window.ethereum.givenProvider;
const metaMaskProvider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(givenProvider);

To connect to MetaMask, use the web3.ethfunction with your provider instance:

web3.eth.connect(metaMaskProvider.address);

import Web3 from 'web3';
import ethers from 'ethers.js';
const web3 = new Web3(window.ethereum);
const givenProvider = window.ethereum.givenProvider;
const metaMaskProvider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(givenProvider);
web3.eth.connect(metaMaskProvider.address);

• When connecting to MetaMask using window.ethereum`, make sure your wallet is configured with a trusted signature. If not, you may need to use a different provider or do some additional configuration.

• For JSON-RPC providers (e.g. Infura), please be aware of any connection fees.

• Always verify your connection before performing any significant blockchain operations.

By following these steps and using Web3.js, you can connect to MetaMask programmatically and interact with decentralized applications built on Ethereum.

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